Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 PhD student, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Zah.c., Islamic Azad University, Zahedan Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Zah.c., Islamic Azad University, Zahedan Iran.
Abstract
According to structuralists, Character is not only one of the elements for constituting the structure of narration, but it is more comprehensive element. Any character is supposed to play a role in the story. Thus, the character is bound to components such as Role and Function. Therefore, in a new definition, character may be introduced not only as an Object but also as a Participant in the narration process. For this purpose, character in a new definition includes actants who design the process of narrative formation.The advocates of this theory name the character an actant.
According to Ferdinand de Saussure’s theory in the formation of Potential Ability and De facto Action of language, the present research paper analyzes the Propp Narration Analysis and description of Griemas’s Actantial Pattern in analyzing deep structure and superstructure in narration process.
The results obtained from this study indicate that the Event in a story is equivalent to Speech in language; thus, we have two realities side by side and through the language contrasts we find a double-structure language one structure of which is deep structure and the other “superstructure”. According to this rationale, via the superstructure of a story that is nothing except the following up of its events and incidents, we achieve a deep structure that is the same pattern of action and actantial studied by Griemas; the actants who are in relation with each other in a triple axes with titles such as sender/receiver, objective/subject, and helper/inhibitor.
Keywords
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